Organic chemical structure
J. Pastor-Villegas*, C. J. Durán-Valle, C. Valenzuela-Calahorro and V. Gómez-Serrano
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, 06071 Spain
Received 27 May 1997; accepted 12 September 1997.
Abstract
Chars were prepared by heating rockrose (Cistus ladaniferus L) under dynamic and isothermal conditions between 200 and 1000°C in nitrogen. Several techniques including chemical analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, molecular simulation, density measurements, mercury porosimetry and adsorption were used to study the chemical structure and pore structure. The chars prepared at high temperatures in particular contain oxygen in ether type structures, which may cross-link aromatic sheets. The degree of development of porosity in the chars and the porosity distribution seem to depend on the amount of volatile matter removed at each temperature during pyrolysis and on the structural shrinkage of the residual carbon. Both factors act contrarily on the pore structure of the chars, the latter effect being stronger at high temperatures. The shrinkage of the carbon structure may be caused by break down of interlayer carbon–oxygen bonds.
Author Keywords: A. Char; B. pyrolysis; C. adsorption; C. infrared spectroscopy; C. molecular simulation; D. chemical structure; D. functional groups; D. porosity
Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Preparation of samples
2.2. Characterization of samples
2.2.1. Chemical structure
2.2.2. Porosity
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Organic chemical structure of rockrose chars
3.1.1. Aromatization process
3.1.2. Calculations on the organic chemical structure
3.2. Porosity of rockrose chars
3.2.1. Densities and pore volumes
3.2.2. Volatile matter and porosity development
3.3. Shrinkage of the organic chemical structure in rockrose chars
4. Conclusions
2. Experimental
2.1. Preparation of samples
2.2. Characterization of samples
2.2.1. Chemical structure
2.2.2. Porosity
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Organic chemical structure of rockrose chars
3.1.1. Aromatization process
3.1.2. Calculations on the organic chemical structure
3.2. Porosity of rockrose chars
3.2.1. Densities and pore volumes
3.2.2. Volatile matter and porosity development
3.3. Shrinkage of the organic chemical structure in rockrose chars
4. Conclusions
Source Products on Top B2B Site
Contact Suppliers & Manufacturers!Alibaba.com
SPE and Flash Chromatography
Silica Sorbents and Resins
Screening, High-tier and customtests with onsite histopathology
J. Pastor-Villegas*, C. J. Durán-Valle, C. Valenzuela-Calahorro and V. Gómez-Serrano
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, 06071 Spain
Received 27 May 1997; accepted 12 September 1997.
Abstract
Chars were prepared by heating rockrose (Cistus ladaniferus L) under dynamic and isothermal conditions between 200 and 1000°C in nitrogen. Several techniques including chemical analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, molecular simulation, density measurements, mercury porosimetry and adsorption were used to study the chemical structure and pore structure. The chars prepared at high temperatures in particular contain oxygen in ether type structures, which may cross-link aromatic sheets. The degree of development of porosity in the chars and the porosity distribution seem to depend on the amount of volatile matter removed at each temperature during pyrolysis and on the structural shrinkage of the residual carbon. Both factors act contrarily on the pore structure of the chars, the latter effect being stronger at high temperatures. The shrinkage of the carbon structure may be caused by break down of interlayer carbon–oxygen bonds.
Author Keywords: A. Char; B. pyrolysis; C. adsorption; C. infrared spectroscopy; C. molecular simulation; D. chemical structure; D. functional groups; D. porosity
Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Preparation of samples
2.2. Characterization of samples
2.2.1. Chemical structure
2.2.2. Porosity
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Organic chemical structure of rockrose chars
3.1.1. Aromatization process
3.1.2. Calculations on the organic chemical structure
3.2. Porosity of rockrose chars
3.2.1. Densities and pore volumes
3.2.2. Volatile matter and porosity development
3.3. Shrinkage of the organic chemical structure in rockrose chars
4. Conclusions
2. Experimental
2.1. Preparation of samples
2.2. Characterization of samples
2.2.1. Chemical structure
2.2.2. Porosity
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Organic chemical structure of rockrose chars
3.1.1. Aromatization process
3.1.2. Calculations on the organic chemical structure
3.2. Porosity of rockrose chars
3.2.1. Densities and pore volumes
3.2.2. Volatile matter and porosity development
3.3. Shrinkage of the organic chemical structure in rockrose chars
4. Conclusions
Source Products on Top B2B Site
Contact Suppliers & Manufacturers!Alibaba.com
SPE and Flash Chromatography
Silica Sorbents and Resins
Screening, High-tier and customtests with onsite histopathology
0 comments :
Post a Comment